Some of them are made by nature and some by people, but these holes in the world never seize to amaze.
1. Udachnaya pipe
Udachnaya pipe is a diamond deposit in the Daldyn-Alakit kimberlite field in Sakha Republic, Russia.It is an open-pit mine, and is located just outside the Arctic circle. Udachnaya was discovered on June 15, 1955, just two days after the discovery of the diamond pipe Mirny by Soviet geologist Vladimir Shchukin and his team. Udachnaya pipe is more than 600 meters (1,970 ft) deep, which makes it the 3rd deepest open-pit mine in the world. Since 2010,Udachnaya pipe has been controlled by Russian diamond company Alrosa.
2.Guatemala City Sinkhole
In 2007 Guatemala got one of the biggest holes in the world. At first they believed that the hole has been the consequence of rain during the tropical storm Agatha. Later they discovered that this hole was caused by humans. According to Sam Bonis, a geologist at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire, who is currently living in Guatemala City, a burst sewer pipe or storm drain probably hollowed out the underground cavity. The Guatemala City sinkhole, estimated to be 18 meters (60 feet) wide and 100 meters (300 feet) deep, appears to have been triggered by the deluge from tropical storm Agatha. But the cavity was formed in the first place because the city and its underground infrastructure were built in a region where the first few hundred meters of ground are mostly made up of a material called pumice fill, deposited during past volcanic eruptions. This disaster killed two people and caused thousands of people harmed.
3.The Diavik Mine
The Diavik Mine is a mine in the Northwest Territory of Canada. This mine was opened in 2003 and it produces 8 million carats or about 1,600 kg (3500 lb) of diamonds every year. It has become an important part of the regional economy, employing 700 people. Diavik Diamond Mine goes to 240 meters below the surface.
4.The Great Blue Hole
The Great Blue Hole is a large underwater sinkhole off the coast of Belize. It is a remarkable creation ofnature. The Great Blue Hole is one of the world’s most recognizable natural wonder. It is believed the hole is the world’s largest sea-hole. It is about 125 meters deep and its diameter is about 300 meters wide. It has been created as a cause of sea level increase about 65,000 years ago. It was formed during several episodes of Quaternary glaciation when sea levels were much lower. The analysis of stalactites found in Great Blue Hole shows that formation has taken place 153,000, 66,000, 60,000, and 15,000 years ago. As the ocean began to rise again, the caves were flooded.
5.The Bingham Canyon Mine
The Bingham Canyon Mine is an open-pit mining operation extracting a large porphyry copper deposit southwest of Salt Lake City, Utah, USA, in the Oquirrh Mountains. It is owned by Rio Tinto Group, an international mining and exploration company headquartered in the United Kingdom. The Bingham Canyon pit is now 2.5 miles wide and very deep.The mine has been in production since 1906, and has resulted in the creation of a pit over 1.2 km (0.75 miles) deep, 4 km (2.5 miles) wide, and covering 7.7 km² (1,900 acres).
6.The Mirny Diamond Mine, Russia
Mir Mine which is also called Mirny Mine is an open pit diamond mine located in Mirny, Eastern Siberia, Russia. The mine is 525 meters (1,722 ft) deep and has a diameter of 1,200 m (3,900 ft), and is the second largest excavated hole in the world, after Bingham Canyon Mine. The mine was discovered on June 13, 1955 by Soviet geologists Yuri Khabardin and now, after more than 50 years since the discovery, this mine has been abandoned.
7.Chuquicamata, Copper Mine, Chile
Chuquicamata is also one of the biggest open pit copper mine in the world, located in the north of Chile, 215 km northeast of Antofagasta and 1,240 km north of the capital, Santiago. Its depth of 850 meters (2,790 ft) makes it one of the deepest open-pit mine in the world. It’s an industry that has begun since 1882, although it started operating properly in 1911 when US capitals finished its construction. Today, the production reaches the 630 tons of fine copper every year.
8.The Monticello Dam, Napa County, California, US
Located at the Monticello Dam at Lake Berryessa in Northern California, this gigantic drain acts as the lake’s spillway. This place also known as ”Glory Hole” reaches capacity, the spillway swallows water at a rate of 48,800 cubic feet per second, emptying about 700 feet away through an enormous concrete pipe. Monticello Dam Powerplant was built in 1983. It is at the base of the Monticello Dam, and has 3 generators. It was built under a FERC license and is owned, operated and maintained by Solano Irrigation District.
9.Kimberley Diamond Mine, South Africa
Kimberley is a city in South Africa and the capital of the Northern Cape. It is located near the confluence of the Vaal and Orange Rivers. Kimberley is famous because of the Big Hole, which is also considered the worlds deepest man made hole. Originally the hole was 240 meters deep, but after it has been abandoned it was used to throw debris in. The underground Kimberly Mine was mined to a depth of 1097 meters. The mine is closed 1914. Approximately since 1871 until 1914, 22,5 million tons of earth were moved. Today, the Big Hole is about 215 meters deep, but 40 meters of ground water leave only 175 meters visible.
10.Darvaza Gas Crater – The Door to Hell
Derweze is a Turkmenistan village of about 350 inhabitants, located in the middle of the Karakum desert, about 260 km north from Ashgabat. The Derweze area is rich in natural gas. In 1971 a Soviet drilling rig accidentally punched into a massive underground natural gas cavern, causing the ground to collapse and the entire drilling rig to fall in. Darvaza Gas Crater or the “Door to Hell” named by a localist is a 328 feet wide hole. This hole has been on fire, continuously, for the last 38 years.
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